Which factors cause stress in animals?

• A. Heat, crowding, poor handling
• B. Regular exercise
• C. Adequate ventilation
• D. Balanced diet

Answer: (A)

Stress in animals happens when they face challenges that disrupt their comfort or body balance. Heat creates heat stress because the body must work hard to shed excess heat, leading to faster breathing, sweating or panting, reduced appetite, fatiguing energy use, and potentially lower growth and immune function. Crowding raises social tension and competition for resources, increases agitation and movement restrictions, and can push body temperature up, all of which elevate stress hormones and the risk of injuries. Poor handling, such as rough transport, sudden movements, or harsh restraint, triggers fear and pain, producing a spike in stress hormones and adverse behavioral and physiological responses.

Regular exercise, on the other hand, tends to reduce stress by improving circulation and releasing natural mood-boosting chemicals. Adequate ventilation helps maintain comfortable temperatures and good air quality, reducing environmental stressors. A balanced diet supports overall health and resilience, helping animals cope with stress.