What is disease transmission?

• A. Infection of pests
• B. Immune response against a pathogen
• C. Spread of disease
• D. Genetic modification of pathogens

Answer: (C)

Disease transmission is the spread of disease from one host or source to others. It describes how a pathogen moves so that more animals or people can become infected, through routes like direct contact, droplets or aerosols, contaminated surfaces, vectors such as insects, or contaminated water and food. Understanding transmission helps explain why certain diseases spread and how to prevent it, by interrupting those routes—things like good hygiene, vaccination, vector control, and safe handling of water and feed. This idea is different from infection itself (the pathogen invading a host) and from the immune response (the host’s defense). It’s also separate from genetic modification of pathogens, which is about altering the organism rather than how it moves between hosts.